Publicado:
2025-11-30Número:
Vol. 19 Núm. 2 (2025)Sección:
Visión de ContextoDidactic Trends for The Development and Strengthening of Computational Thinking in The Student Population
Tendencias Didácticas Para El Desarrollo Y Fortalecimiento Del Pensamiento Computacional En La Población Estudiantil
Palabras clave:
computational thinking, technological devices, science and technology, Industry 4.0 (en).Palabras clave:
pensamiento computacional, dispositivos tecnológicos, ciencia y tecnología, Industria 4.0 (es).Descargas
Resumen (en)
The objective of this review article is to trace the main research carried out in the international context on the trends that are being registered regarding Computational Thinking in the student population, as a component of the Fourth Industrial Revolution or the so-called Industry 4.0. Methodologically, forty investigations were reviewed, including doctoral theses, indexed scientific articles and institutional research, based on a search in the Scopus bibliometric engine. These references were processed from two fundamental categories: Computational Thinking and Information and Communications Technologies; the sources of the topic, with emphasis on the interpretation and understanding of both categories from the academy. A notable growth in the production of research in Spanish was noted, with a very similar production in latitudes such as Asia, Europe and Latin America; Most research dates back to the last decade, in pre-pandemic times as well as during and post-pandemic; Likewise, it is worth highlighting a trend in the development of qualitative methodologies aimed at establishing perceptions of their participating subjects, whose main techniques obey the projective ones, including observation, the semi-structured interview and the focus group. By systematizing the findings, it was possible to conclude that, on the continents, both Asian and European, the teaching models in the computational field begin from early or school ages with their emphasis on the programming language, in order to scale the levels that, both in Asia and in Europe and America, include primary, secondary and higher education, as well as for adults. Likewise, there is demand, especially in Latin America, for continuous training programs for those teachers who lack computer skills and use of technological tools.
Resumen (es)
El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es rastrear las principales investigaciones realizadas en el contexto internacional sobre las tendencias que se registran en torno al Pensamiento Computacional en la población estudiantil, como componente de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial o la denominada Industria 4.0. Metodológicamente, se revisaron cuarenta investigaciones, incluyendo tesis doctorales, artículos científicos indexados e investigaciones institucionales, con base en una búsqueda en el motor bibliométrico Scopus. Estas referencias se procesaron a partir de dos categorías fundamentales: Pensamiento Computacional y Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones; las fuentes del tema, con énfasis en la interpretación y comprensión de ambas categorías desde la academia. Se observó un notable crecimiento en la producción de investigación en español, con una producción muy similar en latitudes como Asia, Europa y América Latina; la mayoría de las investigaciones datan de la última década, tanto en épocas prepandemia como durante y pospandemia; asimismo, cabe destacar una tendencia en el desarrollo de metodologías cualitativas orientadas a establecer percepciones de sus sujetos participantes, cuyas principales técnicas obedecen a las proyectivas, incluyendo la observación, la entrevista semiestructurada y el grupo focal. Al sistematizar los hallazgos, se concluyó que, tanto en Asia como en Europa, los modelos de enseñanza en el campo computacional comienzan desde edades tempranas o escolares, con énfasis en el lenguaje de programación, para escalar los niveles que, tanto en Asia como en Europa y América, incluyen la educación primaria, secundaria y superior, así como para adultos. Asimismo, existe una demanda, especialmente en Latinoamérica, de programas de formación continua para docentes con deficiencias en habilidades informáticas y en el uso de herramientas tecnológicas.
Referencias
[1] Zewde, S.-W. (2022). A new social contract for education (Commission report international on the future of education 2022; p. 198). UNESCO. https://eduteka.icesi.edu.co/articulos/unesco-un-nuevo-contrato-social-para-la-educacion.
[2] Jara, N. E. B., Mondragón, C. G., Pineda, N. M. P., & Reyes, J. M. R. (2021). Guidelines for strengthen scientific-technological competencies in high-quality accredited master's degrees in education. Aglala, 12(S1), 182-195.
[3] Sánchez-Vera, M. M. (2019). Computational thinking in educational contexts: a approach from Educational Technology. Research in Education and Learning Innovation Archives, 23, 24-39.
[4] Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, 2023). 2023 results They showed that Asia reinforced its position as a power in education.
https://www.eltiempo.com/vida/educacion/resultados-de-la-proba-pisa-2022-paises-enresultados.
[5] UNESCO-OREALC. (2017). Report: Education and skills for the 21st century. Regional Meeting of Ministers of Education of Latin America and the Caribbean, Buenos Aires, Argentina,
January 24 and 25, 2017. Published by the Regional Office of Education for Latin America and
the Caribbean (OREALC/UNESCO Santiago).
[6] Severin, E. (2016). Digital technologies at the service of educational quality: a proposal for
change focused on learning for all.
[7] Selby, C., & Woollard, J. (2013). Computational Thinking: The Developing Definition. ITiCSE
Conference 2013, 5-8
[8] Prendes-Espinosa, M. D. L. P., & Sánchez Vera, M. D. M. (2014). Archimedes and
technology educational: a critical analysis of MOOCs.
[9] De la Asunción, I., Ypanaque, I., & Callacondo, V. (2022). Digital divide and the problem of
right to education in rural areas during the state of emergency. Law, 10(10), Article 10.
https://revistas.upt.edu.pe/ojs/index.php/derecho/article/view/619.
[10] Velasco, M. (2024). Transforming education in Colombia: Innovation policies with ICT in
the digital age. Discimus. Digital Education Magazine, 3(1), Article 1.
https://doi.org/10.61447/20240601/art05.
[12] OECD (2019). Education and skills today. Computing and PISA 2021.
https://oecdedutoday.com/computer-science-and-pisa-2021/
[13] Orozco Torrente, Y. del C. (2022). Incidence of thinking routines on development of thinking skills. https://intellectum.unisabana.edu.co/handle/10818/50618
[14] Guamán Gómez, V. J, Daquilema Cuásquer, B. A.., & Espinoza Guamán, E. E. (2019).
Computational thinking in the educational field. Society & Technology, 2(1), 59–67. https://doi.org/10.51247/st.v2i1.69
[15] Izaguirre, D. B. B. (2019). Adaptation of the 5E model with the use of digital tools to education: proposal for the science teacher. Scientific Magazine, 34(1), 73–80.
https://doi.org/10.14483/23448350.13520
[16] Guamán Gómez, V. J, Daquilema Cuásquer, B. A.., & Espinoza Guamán, E. E. (2019). Computational thinking in the educational field. Society & Technology, 2(1), 59–67. https://doi.org/10.51247/st.v2i1.69
[17] Mantilla, R., (2021). Didactic proposal for the development of computational thinking from a digital ecosystem. case: Vicente Azuero Technical College of Colombia. [Doctoral Thesis].
Doctoral program in educational technology. University of the Balearic Islands.
[18] Wing, J. M. (2006) Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49, 33-35.
[19] Asbell-Clarke., Shute, V., Sun, C. (2017) Demystifying Computational Thinking.
Magazine of Educational research. Vol. 22. pp.142-158 .
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1747938X17300350
[20] Pérez-Paredes, P., Zapata-Ros, M. (2018). Computational thinking, analysis of a key
competence. Scotts Valley, CA, USA. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform.
[21] Zapata-Ros. (2020). Computational thinking, a fourth key competence raised by the new
literacy. Education And Technology, 3(1).
https://publicaciones.flacso.edu.uy/index.php/edutic/article/view/10
[22] Kong, S., Abelson, H., (2019). Computational Thinking Education. Springer open.
Computational Thinking Education | SpringerLink
[23] Lugo, M., Bedoya, R., Bercovich, N., Brechner, M., Cobo, C., Gvirtz, S., Jara, I., Katz, R., Pedró, F., Peralta, J., Rexach, V., Scuro, L., Sibilia, Paula., Zuñiga, M., (2016). Digital environments and educational policies, dilemmas and certainties. IPPE Digital environments.indd (minedu.gob.pe)
[24] Rico Lugo, M. J., and Bosagain Olabe X. (2018). Computational thinking: breaking gaps digital and educational. EDMETIC, Journal of Media Education and ICT, 7(1), 26-42, doi: https://doi.org/10.21071/edmetic.v7i1.10039.
[25] Gairal, C. R. (2019). Successful educational actions with vulnerable groups: their impact on the education, social cohesion and personal well-being. TDX (Doctoral Theses in Xarxa).
http://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/668186
[26] Fonseca Camargo, A. (2021). The 4IR in Colombia and the area of technology and information technology in the secondary education [Degree work - Doctorate, UMECIT University]. https://repositorio.umecit.edu.pa/handle/001/5391.
[27] Zewde, S.-W. (2022). A new social contract for education (Commission report
international on the future of education 2022; p. 198). UNESCO.
https://eduteka.icesi.edu.co/articulos/unesco-un-nuevo-contrato-social-para-la-educacion.
[28] UNESCO (2021). World Conference on Special Educational Needs: Access and Quality:
final report. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000110753_eng. Metropolitan
University of Science and Technology – UMECIT- (2021)
[29] Leikuma-Rimicane, L., Komarova, V., Lonska, J., Selivanova-Fyodorova, N., & Ostrovska, I. (2021). The role of talent in the economic development of countries in the modern world. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 9(2), 488–507. https://ideas.repec.org//a/ssi/jouesi/v9y2021i2p488-507.html
[30] Hernández, R., Fernández, C. and Baptista, P. (2012) Research Methodology. Colombia:
[31] MECD - INTEF (2018). Programming, robotics and computational thinking in the
classroom, Situation in Spain. INTEF. https://code.intef.es/
[32] Fessakis G., Prantsoudi S., (2019). Perceptions, Beliefs and Attitudes of Teachers Computer Science on Computational Thinking in Greece. Aegean University, Learning Technology and Educational Engineering Laboratory.
[33] Chamán, L., & Del Castillo, C. (2021). Good practices in the use of ICT for the development of Educational competencies: Literature review. Conrad, 17(82), 164–170.
[34] European Commission (2020). Communication from the commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of
the Regions shape Europe's digital future. https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail//publication/db95106e-53ca-11ea-aece-01aa75ed71a1/language-es/format-PDF
[35] Raspberry Pi Foundation (2022). Programming and Algorithms within The Computing Resume. https://www.raspberrypi.org/curriculum/
[36] González, F., López, C., & Castro, C. (2018, November). Development of Computational
Thinking in High School Students: A Case Study in Chile. In 2018 37th International
Conference of the Chilean Computer Science Society (SCCC) (pp. 1-8). IEEE .
https://doi.org/10.1109/SCCC.2018.8705239
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8705239&isnumber=8705150
[37] Rojas, Arturo. (2019). Personalized learning scenarios based on the evaluation of the computational thinking for learning programming skills through a b-learning and gamification
environment. Research presented as a doctoral thesis. University of Salamanca.
[38] Benavides Cuba, R. E. (2020). ICT tools in school libraries as a resource pedagogy for
reading comprehension in students of the San Juan Educational Institution, Trujillo-2019 .
[39] Serrano Acosta, D. J. (2020). Communication skills from meaningful learning with use of
ICT in the fifth grade, basic primary [Master's Degree Work, University of Pamplona]. Hulago
Repository University of Pamplona.
http://repositoriodspace.unipamplona.edu.co/jspui/handle/20.500.12744/4771
[40] Quiroz, D., Carmona, J., Castrillón, A., Villa, Jhony., (2021). Integration of thought
computing in Latin America, a systematic review of the Literature. University of Antioquia. GRID. Distance Education Magazine. No. 68, Vol. 21. Art. 7, 30-Nov-2021 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/red.485321.
[41] Huerta, C. S., & Velázquez, M. (2021). Computational thinking as a skill
generic: a systematic review. Ciencia Latina Interdisciplinary Scientific Magazine, 5(1), 1055– 1078. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v5i1.311.
[42] Parra Vallejo, M (2023). Didactic model based on B-learning and thinking computing to
strengthen mathematical learning in Tumaco Secondary School students. UMECIT University.
[43] Hurtado, Jacqueline; (2012). The Research Project. Holistic understanding of research methodology (7th Ed.). Caracas: Quirón Ediciones. file:///C:/Users/usuario/Downloads/El%20proyecto%207a%20edici%C3%B3n%20libre.pdf.
[44] Mendieta, (2015). Informants and sampling in Qualitative Research. Andean Research, vol. 17, no. 30, April-September, 2015, pp. 1148-1150 University Foundation of the Andean
Area Pereira, Colombia.
[45] Hernández Sampieri, R., Fernández Collado, C. & Baptista, M. P. (2012). Methodology of
the research (Fifth edition). Mexico City: McGraw-Hill.
Cómo citar
APA
ACM
ACS
ABNT
Chicago
Harvard
IEEE
MLA
Turabian
Vancouver
Descargar cita
Visitas
Descargas
Licencia

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
.png)
atribución- no comercial 4.0 International




.jpg)





