Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates

Análisis del Centro Instantáneo de Rotación de un Mecanismo de Seis Barras usando Coordenadas Nodales

Authors

Keywords:

Instantaneous center, nodal coordinates, six-bar mechanism, Aronhold-Kennedy theorem (en).

Keywords:

Centro instantáneo, coordenadas nodales, mecanismo de seis barras, teorema de Aronhold-Kennedy (es).

Abstract (en)

Objective: Knowledge of the instantaneous center associated with two bodies in a mechanism is important for both analysis and synthesis, because it can simplify velocity and acceleration analysis. Moreover, accurate determination of the instantaneous center position is a key requirement for synthesis in many practical applications. The purpose of this work is to propose an analytical method for calculating the instantaneous center of rotation of a floating link in a six-bar mechanism with respect to the fixed link.
Methodology: The proposed procedure consists of the following steps. First, the variables representing the mechanism dimensions are defined. Unlike traditional approaches, this work uses initial nodal coordinates. The constraint equations are then formulated using both the current and initial nodal coordinates. Next, the Levenberg-Marquardt method is applied to solve the constraint equations robustly. Finally, the kinematic constraint equations for the instantaneous centers are established using the Aronhold-Kennedy theorem and solved to determine the coordinates of the desired instantaneous center.
Results: Using nodal coordinates and the Aronhold-Kennedy theorem, a procedure was developed to determine the instantaneous center of rotation of a link with respect to the fixed link of a six-bar mechanism. The proposed method is sufficiently robust for use in optimal synthesis processes, which will be addressed in future work.
Conclusions: A method was developed to determine the instantaneous center in a six-bar mechanism using nodal coordinates. The method was validated by implementing the proposed procedure in a mechanism with arbitrary dimensions and comparing the results with those obtained using GIM (Geometric Interactive Method).

Abstract (es)

Objetivo: El conocimiento del centro instantáneo asociado a dos cuerpos en un mecanismo es importante tanto para el análisis como para la síntesis, dado que puede simplificar el análisis de velocidades y aceleraciones. Asimismo, la determinación precisa de la posición del centro instantáneo es un requisito clave para la síntesis en muchas aplicaciones prácticas. El propósito de este trabajo es proponer un método analítico para calcular el centro instantáneo de rotación de un eslabón flotante en un mecanismo de seis barras con respecto al eslabón fijo.
Metodología: El procedimiento propuesto consta de los siguientes pasos. En primer lugar, se definen las variables que representan las dimensiones del mecanismo. A diferencia de los enfoques tradicionales, este trabajo emplea coordenadas nodales iniciales. A continuación, se formulan las ecuaciones de restricción utilizando tanto las coordenadas nodales actuales como las iniciales. Posteriormente, se aplica el método de Levenberg-Marquardt para resolver de manera robusta las ecuaciones de restricción. Finalmente, se establecen las ecuaciones de restricción cinemática para los centros instantáneos mediante el teorema de Aronhold-Kennedy y se resuelven para determinar las coordenadas del centro instantáneo deseado.
Resultados: Utilizando coordenadas nodales y el teorema de Aronhold-Kennedy, se desarrolló un procedimiento para determinar el centro instantáneo de rotación de un eslabón con respecto al eslabón fijo de un mecanismo de seis barras. El método propuesto es suficientemente robusto para ser empleado en procesos de síntesis óptima, los cuales serán abordados en trabajos futuros.
Conclusiones: Se desarrolló un método para determinar el centro instantáneo en un mecanismo de seis barras utilizando coordenadas nodales. El método fue validado mediante la implementación del procedimiento propuesto en un mecanismo con dimensiones arbitrarias y la comparación de los resultados con los obtenidos mediante GIM (Método Interactivo Geométrico).

Author Biographies

Neider Nadid Romero Núñez, Universidad de Pamplona

Mechanical Engineer (University of Pamplona, Colombia); M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering – Mechanical Sys-tems Design (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil). Currently full-time professor at the University of Pamplona, working in multibody system dynamics and optimal design of mechanisms.

Gonzalo Moreno Contreras, Universidad de Pamplona

Mechanical Engineer (Francisco de Paula Santander University, Colombia); M.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering (University of the Andes, Colombia);
Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil). Currently professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Pamplona

Rafael Villalba González, Universidad de Pamplona

Mechanical Engineer (University of Pamplona, Colombia); currently pursuing a specialization in Integrated Management Systems (HSEQ).
Currently professor in the Mechanical Engineering program at the University of Pamplona, working on design and optimization of steering
mechanisms.

Daniel Martins, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina

B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil); Postdoctoral fellow (King’s College London). Currently full professor at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), specializing in me-chanism design, robotics, and intellectual property.

References

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How to Cite

APA

Romero Núñez, N. N., Moreno Contreras, G., Villalba González, R., and Martins, D. (2026). Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates. Tecnura, 30(88). https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.23730

ACM

[1]
Romero Núñez, N.N. et al. 2026. Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates. Tecnura. 30, 88 (Jun. 2026). DOI:https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.23730.

ACS

(1)
Romero Núñez, N. N.; Moreno Contreras, G.; Villalba González, R.; Martins, D. Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates. Tecnura 2026, 30.

ABNT

ROMERO NÚÑEZ, Neider Nadid; MORENO CONTRERAS, Gonzalo; VILLALBA GONZÁLEZ, Rafael; MARTINS, Daniel. Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates. Tecnura, [S. l.], v. 30, n. 88, 2026. DOI: 10.14483/22487638.23730. Disponível em: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/Tecnura/article/view/23730. Acesso em: 19 jun. 2026.

Chicago

Romero Núñez, Neider Nadid, Gonzalo Moreno Contreras, Rafael Villalba González, and Daniel Martins. 2026. “Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates”. Tecnura 30 (88). https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.23730.

Harvard

Romero Núñez, N. N. (2026) “Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates”, Tecnura, 30(88). doi: 10.14483/22487638.23730.

IEEE

[1]
N. N. Romero Núñez, G. Moreno Contreras, R. Villalba González, and D. Martins, “Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates”, Tecnura, vol. 30, no. 88, Jun. 2026.

MLA

Romero Núñez, Neider Nadid, et al. “Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates”. Tecnura, vol. 30, no. 88, June 2026, doi:10.14483/22487638.23730.

Turabian

Romero Núñez, Neider Nadid, Gonzalo Moreno Contreras, Rafael Villalba González, and Daniel Martins. “Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates”. Tecnura 30, no. 88 (June 1, 2026). Accessed June 19, 2026. https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/Tecnura/article/view/23730.

Vancouver

1.
Romero Núñez NN, Moreno Contreras G, Villalba González R, Martins D. Analysis of the Instantaneous Center of Rotation of a Six-Bar Mechanism Using Nodal Coordinates. Tecnura [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 1 [cited 2026 Jun. 19];30(88). Available from: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/Tecnura/article/view/23730

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