Published:
2019-12-30Issue:
Vol. 16 No. 2 (2019): Tekhnê JournalSection:
ArticlesDesign and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers
Diseño y evaluación de vúmetro a partir de amplificadores operacionales
Keywords:
Amplificador operacional, diseño, instrumentación electrónica, vúmetro (es).Keywords:
Design, electronic instrumentation, operational amplifier, VU meter (en).Downloads
Abstract (en)
A VU meter is a volume level indicator device used in audio equipment. Its function is to show the user the signal level in volume units. By construction, this device displays a rectified sample of the audio signal voltage. However, the VU-meter does not measure the input voltage, but rather a reference of the average volume in decibels. This visual indicator was introduced in the 1940s as a way of normalizing levels on telephone lines, but it became a visual indicator of the amplitude of the input signal that was pleasing to the eye because of its synchrony with the music. Consequently, digital versions have been introduced as a replacement for analog schemes with LED (Light Emitting Diode) displays that provide more information and greater visual effect. In this paper, a simple operational amplifier (Op-Amp) based VU-meter design is proposed.
Abstract (es)
Un vúmetro es un dispositivo indicador de nivel de volumen utilizado en equipos de audio. Su función es mostrar al usuario el nivel de señal en unidades de volumen. Por construcción, este dispositivo visualiza una muestra rectificada del voltaje de la señal de audio. Aun así, el vúmetro no mide realmente el voltaje de entrada, sino una referencia del volumen medio en decibelios. Este indicador visual fue introducido en los años 40 como forma de normalizar los niveles en las líneas telefónicas, pero se convirtió en un indicador visual de la amplitud de la señal de entrada agradable al ojo por su sincronía con la música. En consecuencia, se han introducido versiones digitales como reemplazo de los esquemas análogos con visualización LED (Diodo Emisor de Luz) que brindan mayor información y mayor efecto visual. En este artículo se propone un simple diseño de vúmetro basado en amplificador operacional (Op-Amp).
References
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