Publicado:

2019-12-30

Número:

Vol. 16 Núm. 2 (2019): Revista Tekhnê

Sección:

Artículos

Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers

Diseño y evaluación de vúmetro a partir de amplificadores operacionales

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

Amplificador operacional, diseño, instrumentación electrónica, vúmetro (es).

Palabras clave:

Design, electronic instrumentation, operational amplifier, VU meter (en).

Resumen (en)

A VU meter is a volume level indicator device used in audio equipment. Its function is to show the user the signal level in volume units. By construction, this device displays a rectified sample of the audio signal voltage. However, the VU-meter does not measure the input voltage, but rather a reference of the average volume in decibels. This visual indicator was introduced in the 1940s as a way of normalizing levels on telephone lines, but it became a visual indicator of the amplitude of the input signal that was pleasing to the eye because of its synchrony with the music. Consequently, digital versions have been introduced as a replacement for analog schemes with LED (Light Emitting Diode) displays that provide more information and greater visual effect. In this paper, a simple operational amplifier (Op-Amp) based VU-meter design is proposed.

Resumen (es)

Un vúmetro es un dispositivo indicador de nivel de volumen utilizado en equipos de audio. Su función es mostrar al usuario el nivel de señal en unidades de volumen. Por construcción, este dispositivo visualiza una muestra rectificada del voltaje de la señal de audio. Aun así, el vúmetro no mide realmente el voltaje de entrada, sino una referencia del volumen medio en decibelios. Este indicador visual fue introducido en los años 40 como forma de normalizar los niveles en las líneas telefónicas, pero se convirtió en un indicador visual de la amplitud de la señal de entrada agradable al ojo por su sincronía con la música. En consecuencia, se han introducido versiones digitales como reemplazo de los esquemas análogos con visualización LED (Diodo Emisor de Luz) que brindan mayor información y mayor efecto visual. En este artículo se propone un simple diseño de vúmetro basado en amplificador operacional (Op-Amp).

Referencias

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Killion, M. (2009). Comparison of vu-meter-based and rms-based calibration of speech levels. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 126(EL97).

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Martínez, F., Rendón, A., & Arbulú, M. (2018). A data-driven path planner for small autonomous robots using deep regression models. In Data mining and big data (dmbd 2018) (p. 596-603).

McGowan, J., Leplatre, G., & McGregor, I. (2017). Cymasense: A real-time 3d cymatics-based sound visualisation tool. In Acm conference companion publication on designing interactive systems (p. 270-274).

Muliawan, W., Nahar, W., Sebastian, C., Yuliza, E., & Khairurrijal, K. (2015). Implementing project-based learning in making a weight meter. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 739(1), 1-7.

Nair, N. (1965). Vu meter as a monitoring device for indian programmes. IETE Journal of Research, 11(1), 35-48. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.1965.11485122

Rendón, A. (2019). Operational amplifier performance practices in linear applications. Tekhnê, 16(1), 57-68

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Cómo citar

APA

Rendón, A. (2019). Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers. Tekhnê, 16(2), 31–40. https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/tekhne/article/view/17566

ACM

[1]
Rendón, A. 2019. Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers. Tekhnê. 16, 2 (dic. 2019), 31–40.

ACS

(1)
Rendón, A. Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers. Tekhnê 2019, 16, 31-40.

ABNT

RENDÓN, Angélica. Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers. Tekhnê, [S. l.], v. 16, n. 2, p. 31–40, 2019. Disponível em: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/tekhne/article/view/17566. Acesso em: 18 abr. 2024.

Chicago

Rendón, Angélica. 2019. «Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers». Tekhnê 16 (2):31-40. https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/tekhne/article/view/17566.

Harvard

Rendón, A. (2019) «Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers», Tekhnê, 16(2), pp. 31–40. Disponible en: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/tekhne/article/view/17566 (Accedido: 18 abril 2024).

IEEE

[1]
A. Rendón, «Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers», Tekhnê, vol. 16, n.º 2, pp. 31–40, dic. 2019.

MLA

Rendón, Angélica. «Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers». Tekhnê, vol. 16, n.º 2, diciembre de 2019, pp. 31-40, https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/tekhne/article/view/17566.

Turabian

Rendón, Angélica. «Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers». Tekhnê 16, no. 2 (diciembre 30, 2019): 31–40. Accedido abril 18, 2024. https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/tekhne/article/view/17566.

Vancouver

1.
Rendón A. Design and evaluation of Volume Unit (VU) meter from operational amplifiers. Tekhnê [Internet]. 30 de diciembre de 2019 [citado 18 de abril de 2024];16(2):31-40. Disponible en: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/tekhne/article/view/17566

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