Portada 20628

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.20628

Published:

2025-09-21

Issue:

Vol. 30 No. 89 (2026): Julio - Septiembre

Section:

Research

Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping

Diseño y desarrollo inicial de un objeto virtual de aprendizaje para el aprendizaje autónomo en la elaboración de mapas de uso y cobertura del suelo

Authors

Keywords:

land-cover mapping, land-use mapping, semantic segmentation, self-directed learning, virtual learning object (en).

Keywords:

aprendizaje autónomo, mapas de cobertura del suelo, mapas de uso del suelo, objeto virtual de aprendizaje, segmentación semántica (es).

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Abstract (en)

Objective: To design and implement the first phase of a virtual learning object (VLO) that supports asynchronous interaction between tutors and students and enables quality assessment of student-produced land-use and land-cover maps. Methodology: An open-source web environment was developed to manage the learning process from the initial assignment to final submission. The environment supports automated assessment of geometric and semantic consistency.
Results: The environment was tested with students in the GEIPER Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems research group, which is affiliated with the NIDE Spatial Data Research Group at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. The tests used recent 0.5 m-resolution Capella radar imagery of Cáqueza, Cundinamarca, Colombia, and involved students in Cadastral Engineering and Geodesy.
Conclusions: The tests indicate that the proposed environment is a sustainable alternative for improving teaching and learning in the Earth sciences, particularly the development of skills required to produce high-quality land-use and landcover maps.

Abstract (es)

Objetivo: Diseñar e implementar la primera fase de un objeto virtual de aprendizaje (OVA) que facilite la interacción asíncrona entre tutores y estudiantes y permita evaluar la calidad de los mapas de uso y cobertura del suelo elaborados por los estudiantes.
Metodología: Se desarrolló un entorno web de código abierto para gestionar el proceso de aprendizaje desde la asignación inicial hasta la entrega final. El entorno permite evaluar de manera automatizada la consistencia geométrica y semántica.
Resultados: El entorno se probó con estudiantes del semillero de investigación GEIPER en Teledetección y Sistemas de Información Geográfica, adscrito al grupo de investigación NIDE en Datos Espaciales de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. Las pruebas utilizaron imágenes de radar recientes de Capella, con una resolución de 0,5 m, correspondientes a Cáqueza, Cundinamarca, Colombia, y contaron con la participación de estudiantes de Ingeniería Catastral y Geodesia.
Conclusiones: Las pruebas indican que el entorno propuesto constituye una alternativa sostenible para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en ciencias de la Tierra, en particular el desarrollo de las competencias necesarias para producir mapas de uso y cobertura del suelo de alta calidad.

Author Biographies

José Antonio Valero Medina, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

PhD in Engineering; MSc in Teleinformatics; specialist in computer-network software; systems engineer. Professor, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá, Colombia.

José Luis Herrera Escorcia, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

MSc in Geography; specialist in Geographic Information Systems; cadastral and geodetic engineer. Professor, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá, Colombia.

References

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[2] P. Mejias, O. Herrera, A. Mellado, and M. Faundez, "Virtual learning objects and LMS, a strategic alliance between the teaching-learning process and generic competences," in Proc. XVI Latin American Conf. Learning Technologies (LACLO), Arequipa, Peru, 2021, pp. 546–549, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/LACLO54177.2021.00099.

[3] Z. Nurbekova, B. Nurbekov, M. Maulsharif, D. Naimanova, and A. Baimendinova, "Using virtual learning objects in educational content," in Proc. 23rd Int. Conf. Computer Systems and Technologies (CompSysTech '22), Ruse, Bulgaria, 2022, pp. 174–178, doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/3546118.3546138.

[4] P. Arbeláez, M. Maire, C. Fowlkes, and J. Malik, "Contour detection and hierarchical image segmentation," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 898–916, May 2011, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2010.161.

[5] International Federation of Surveyors, Enhancing Surveying Education through e-Learning, FIG Publication no. 46. Copenhagen, Denmark: FIG, 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.fig.net/resources/publications/figpub/pub46/figpub46.pdf

[6] L. Groenendijk, P. van der Molen, C. Lemmen, and T. Wubbe, "E-learning: The future for land administration studies?" in Proc. XXIV FIG Int. Congress: Facing the Challenges—Building the Capacity, Sydney, Australia, 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings/fig_proceedings/fig2010/papers/ts06g/ts06g_groenendijk_lemmen_et_al_3935.pdf

[7] Capella Space, "Synthetic aperture radar data." [Online]. Available: https://www.capellaspace.com/solution/sar-data. [Accessed: Aug. 18, 2026].

[8] S. Rahman, N. Hossain, M. A. Hossain, and M. Hossain, "OAuth 2.0: A framework to secure the OAuth-based service for packaged web application," in Innovative Perspectives on Interactive Communication Systems and Technologies, M. Sarfraz, Ed. Hershey, PA, USA: IGI Global, 2020, ch. 5, pp. 92–139, doi: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3355-0.ch005.

[9] Y.-T. Shen, H. Lee, H. Kwon, and S. S. Bhattacharyya, "Progressive transformation learning for leveraging virtual images in training," in Proc. IEEE/CVF Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2023, pp. 835–844, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR52729.2023.00087.

[10] Y. Tian, X. Li, K. Wang, and F.-Y. Wang, "Training and testing object detectors with virtual images," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 539–546, Mar. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2017.7510841.

How to Cite

APA

Valero Medina, J. A., and Herrera Escorcia, J. L. (2025). Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping. Tecnura, 30(89). https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.20628

ACM

[1]
Valero Medina, J.A. and Herrera Escorcia, J.L. 2025. Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping. Tecnura. 30, 89 (Sep. 2025). DOI:https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.20628.

ACS

(1)
Valero Medina, J. A.; Herrera Escorcia, J. L. Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping. Tecnura 2025, 30.

ABNT

VALERO MEDINA, José Antonio; HERRERA ESCORCIA, José Luis. Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping. Tecnura, [S. l.], v. 30, n. 89, 2025. DOI: 10.14483/22487638.20628. Disponível em: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/Tecnura/article/view/20628. Acesso em: 22 sep. 2026.

Chicago

Valero Medina, José Antonio, and José Luis Herrera Escorcia. 2025. “Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping”. Tecnura 30 (89). https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.20628.

Harvard

Valero Medina, J. A. and Herrera Escorcia, J. L. (2025) “Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping”, Tecnura, 30(89). doi: 10.14483/22487638.20628.

IEEE

[1]
J. A. Valero Medina and J. L. Herrera Escorcia, “Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping”, Tecnura, vol. 30, no. 89, Sep. 2025.

MLA

Valero Medina, José Antonio, and José Luis Herrera Escorcia. “Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping”. Tecnura, vol. 30, no. 89, Sept. 2025, doi:10.14483/22487638.20628.

Turabian

Valero Medina, José Antonio, and José Luis Herrera Escorcia. “Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping”. Tecnura 30, no. 89 (September 21, 2025). Accessed September 22, 2026. https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/Tecnura/article/view/20628.

Vancouver

1.
Valero Medina JA, Herrera Escorcia JL. Design and Initial Development of a Virtual Learning Object for Self-Directed Learning in Land-Use and Land-Cover Mapping. Tecnura [Internet]. 2025 Sep. 21 [cited 2026 Sep. 22];30(89). Available from: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/Tecnura/article/view/20628

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Copyright (c) 2026 José Antonio Valero Medina, José Luis Herrera Escorcia

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