Published:

2024-10-03

Issue:

Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024)

Section:

Applied Engineering Vision

Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

Análisis de la Variabilidad de la Frecuencia Cardíaca en la Miocardiopatía Ventricular Dilatada

Authors

Keywords:

ECG, Cardiomyopathy, Heart Rate Variability (en).

Keywords:

ECG, Cardiomiopatía, Variabilidad de la Frecuencia Cardíaca (es).

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Abstract (en)

A case study of dilated ventricular cardiomyopathy (DCM) is performed. Pathology is known as a disease of the heart muscle in which there is evidence of left, right or biventricular ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction in the absence of hypertension, coronary artery disease or valvular heart disease to justify it. In addition, ventricular dilatation and resulting systolic dysfunction can lead to congestive heart failure. This means that the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, causing symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, fluid accumulation in the tissues and general weakness. MVD can increase the risk of developing cardiac arrhythmias, such as irregular or rapid heartbeats, due to the altered electrical structure and function of the heart. Furthermore, detection of the main causes is challenging due to geographic variability, incomplete penetrance of the disease, or late onset of presentation. However, it is possible to find a correlation of parameters extracted from an ECG (Electrocardiogram) in relation to heart rate variability (HRV) as a determinant in the identification of the pathology. 

The main causes and risk factors that generate MVD are related to genetic predisposition, viral infections, excessive alcohol consumption, drug abuse and autoimmune diseases. In addition, some risk factors include family history of cardiomyopathy, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease and obesity. Therefore, treatment of the pathology usually includes medication for symptom control, but in more severe cases, it may be necessary to consider a pacemaker or cardiac transplantation. For the study performed, a 47-year-old test subject was taken, who has a subdermal pacemaker, given that he has eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy with severely decreased ventricular systolic function, aortic and mitral sclerosis with moderate insufficiency, and even severe biauricular dilatation with dysfunction.

Thus, to recognize and diagnose MVD in a shorter time, HRV analysis is performed, allowing the collection of features that enable the acquisition of a pattern given by the nature of the disease. Additionally, as a future work, it is expected to submit these features to artificial intelligence algorithms to evaluate the possibility of diagnosing MVD by extracting ECG features.

Abstract (es)

Se presenta un caso clínico de miocardiopatía ventricular dilatada (MCD). Se trata de una enfermedad del músculo cardiaco en la que hay evidencia de dilatación ventricular izquierda, derecha o biventricular y disfunción sistólica en ausencia de hipertensión, arteriopatía coronaria o valvulopatía que la justifiquen. Además, la dilatación ventricular y la disfunción sistólica resultante pueden provocar insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva. Esto significa que el corazón no puede bombear suficiente sangre para satisfacer las necesidades del organismo, lo que provoca síntomas como fatiga, dificultad para respirar, acumulación de líquido en los tejidos y debilidad general. La ECM puede aumentar el riesgo de desarrollar arritmias cardiacas, como latidos irregulares o rápidos, debido a la alteración de la estructura eléctrica y el funcionamiento del corazón. Además, la detección de las causas principales es un reto debido a la variabilidad geográfica, la penetrancia incompleta de la enfermedad o el inicio tardío de su presentación. Sin embargo, es posible encontrar una correlación de los parámetros extraídos de un ECG (Electrocardiograma) en relación con la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca (VFC) como factor determinante en la identificación de la patología. 

Las principales causas y factores de riesgo que generan MVD están relacionados con la predisposición genética, las infecciones víricas, el consumo excesivo de alcohol, el abuso de drogas y las enfermedades autoinmunes. Además, algunos factores de riesgo incluyen antecedentes familiares de miocardiopatía, hipertensión arterial, enfermedad coronaria y obesidad. Por lo tanto, el tratamiento de la patología suele incluir medicación para el control de los síntomas, pero en los casos más graves puede ser necesario plantearse un marcapasos o un trasplante cardíaco. Para el estudio realizado se tomó un sujeto de 47 años, portador de un marcapasos subdérmico, dado que presenta hipertrofia ventricular izquierda excéntrica con disminución severa de la función sistólica ventricular, esclerosis aórtica y mitral con insuficiencia moderada, e incluso dilatación biauricular severa con disfunción.

Así, para reconocer y diagnosticar la MVD en un menor tiempo, se realiza un análisis de la VFC que permite recoger características que permiten adquirir un patrón dado por la naturaleza de la enfermedad. Además, como trabajo futuro, se espera someter estas características a algoritmos de inteligencia artificial para evaluar la posibilidad de diagnosticar la MVD mediante la extracción de características del ECG.

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How to Cite

APA

Ávila-Buitrago, L. V., Clavijo-Montes, M. C., and Hernández-Beleño, R. D. (2024). Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy . Visión electrónica, 18(1). https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/visele/article/view/22769

ACM

[1]
Ávila-Buitrago, L.V. et al. 2024. Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy . Visión electrónica. 18, 1 (Oct. 2024).

ACS

(1)
Ávila-Buitrago, L. V.; Clavijo-Montes, M. C.; Hernández-Beleño, R. D. Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy . Vis. Electron. 2024, 18.

ABNT

ÁVILA-BUITRAGO, Leidy Valentina; CLAVIJO-MONTES, María Camila; HERNÁNDEZ-BELEÑO, Rubén Darío. Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy . Visión electrónica, [S. l.], v. 18, n. 1, 2024. Disponível em: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/visele/article/view/22769. Acesso em: 5 nov. 2024.

Chicago

Ávila-Buitrago, Leidy Valentina, María Camila Clavijo-Montes, and Rubén Darío Hernández-Beleño. 2024. “Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ”. Visión electrónica 18 (1). https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/visele/article/view/22769.

Harvard

Ávila-Buitrago, L. V., Clavijo-Montes, M. C. and Hernández-Beleño, R. D. (2024) “Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ”, Visión electrónica, 18(1). Available at: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/visele/article/view/22769 (Accessed: 5 November 2024).

IEEE

[1]
L. V. Ávila-Buitrago, M. C. Clavijo-Montes, and R. D. Hernández-Beleño, “Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ”, Vis. Electron., vol. 18, no. 1, Oct. 2024.

MLA

Ávila-Buitrago, Leidy Valentina, et al. “Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ”. Visión electrónica, vol. 18, no. 1, Oct. 2024, https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/visele/article/view/22769.

Turabian

Ávila-Buitrago, Leidy Valentina, María Camila Clavijo-Montes, and Rubén Darío Hernández-Beleño. “Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ”. Visión electrónica 18, no. 1 (October 3, 2024). Accessed November 5, 2024. https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/visele/article/view/22769.

Vancouver

1.
Ávila-Buitrago LV, Clavijo-Montes MC, Hernández-Beleño RD. Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Dilated Ventricular Cardiomyopathy . Vis. Electron. [Internet]. 2024 Oct. 3 [cited 2024 Nov. 5];18(1). Available from: https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/visele/article/view/22769

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