DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14483/23448350.22826Published:
03/20/2026Issue:
Vol. 52 No. 3 (2025): August-December 2025Section:
Research ArticlesSistema de registro de señales fotopletismográficas para la medición de la presión arterial y la frecuencia cardíaca
Photoplethysmographic signal recording system for blood pressure and heart rate measurement
Keywords:
biomedical electronics, near-infrared spectroscopy, photoplethysmography, heart rate, blood pressure, signal processing (en).Keywords:
electrónica biomédica, espectroscopía de infrarrojo cercano, fotopletismografía, frecuencia cardíaca, presión arterial, procesamiento de señales (es).Downloads
Abstract (es)
Este artículo describe el diseño de un sistema de registro de señales fotopletismográficas que permite medir la frecuencia cardíaca y la presión arterial utilizando espectroscopía de infrarrojo cercano. Esta técnica utiliza la emisión de luz infrarroja que es absorbida por los tejidos para modelar los cambios de volumen sanguíneo durante el ciclo cardíaco. La metodología comprende la construcción de un circuito electrónico de registro, el preprocesamiento de señales fotopletismográficas (PPG – Photopletismography por su sigla en inglés) y la aplicación de algoritmos de estimación. El circuito de registro consta de etapas de filtrado y amplificación; el preprocesamiento atenúa las interferencias de la línea de potencia y corrige el desplazamiento de la línea base para mejorar la precisión de las estimaciones. Para la estimación de la frecuencia cardíaca, el algoritmo automatic multiscale-based peak detection obtuvo un error porcentual absoluto medio (EAM) de 5.22 y un error porcentual absoluto medio (EPAM) de 7.02 %. En la presión arterial se obtuvieron errores promedio bajos, especialmente en la presión diastólica (EAM = 2.56, EPAM = 3.56 % y RECM = 6.53). El análisis gráfico evidenció regresión hacia la media y variabilidad según el rango fisiológico. Se concluye que el sistema presenta un desempeño adecuado para el seguimiento de tendencias a nivel poblacional, aunque no sustituye la medición clínica individual.
Abstract (en)
This article describes the design of a photoplethysmographic signal recording system that allows measuring heart rate and blood pressure using near-infrared spectroscopy. This technique relies on the emission of infrared light, which is absorbed by human body tissues to model changes in blood volume during the cardiac cycle. The methodology includes the construction of an electronic recording circuit, the preprocessing of photoplethysmographic signals (PPG - Photoplethysmography), and the implementation of estimation algorithms. The recording circuit consists of filtering and amplification stages, while preprocessing attenuates power line interference and corrects baseline drift to improve estimation accuracy. For heart rate estimation, the algorithm automatic multiscale-based peak detection achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 5.22 and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 7.02%. For blood pressure estimation, low average errors were obtained, particularly for diastolic pressure (ME = 2.56, MAPE = 3.56%, and RMSE = 6.53). Graphical analysis revealed regression toward the mean and variability depending on the physiological range. It is concluded that the system demostrates adecuate performance for population level trend monitoring, although it does replace individual clinical measurement.
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