DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14483/23448350.21959Published:
11/30/2024Issue:
Vol. 51 No. 3 (2024): September-December 2024 (Continuos Publication)Section:
Research ArticlesPerspectivas teóricas y metodológicas sobre creatividad en Educación STEAM: una revisión sistemática
Theoretical and Methodological Perspectives on Creativity in STEAM Education: A Systematic Review
Keywords:
Creativity, STEAM, iinterdisciplinary approach, pedagogical research, education, educational innovation, systematic literature review (en).Keywords:
Creatividad, STEAM, enfoque interdisciplinario, investigación pedagógica, educación, innovación educacional, revisión sistemática de literatura (es).Downloads
Abstract (es)
La educación STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) propende por una formación integral de sujetos creativos e innovadores, pero pocos estudios dan cuenta de ello. Este trabajo presenta una revisión sistemática de la literatura en bases de datos como Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct y ERIC, encontrando 45 unidades de análisis entre los años 2010 y 2024 (agosto) que evalúan la creatividad de los estudiantes en el marco de propuestas STEAM. En estas unidades de análisis se identifica que 1), a partir del año 2015, incrementan los estudios que evalúan la creatividad en el contexto de la educación STEAM, principalmente en Asia y América; 2) la mayor parte de las investigaciones (53.3 %) concibe la educación STEAM como un enfoque educativo interdisciplinar que, con la incorporación del arte, favorece el desarrollo de la creatividad, entendida como una actividad productiva de algo novedoso y original (46.6 %) y una manera inédita y eficaz de resolver problemas (37.7 %); 3) el 55.5 % de las investigaciones evalúan la creatividad desde una perspectiva psicológica, y prevalecen los estudios cuantitativos (55.5 %) por sobre los cualitativos (22.2 %); y 4) entre las estrategias didácticas más utilizadas están el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y el aprendizaje basado en indagación. Los resultados sugieren que STEAM es concebido como un enfoque educativo interdisciplinario con grandes posibilidades para desarrollar la creatividad, la cual fue valorada a partir de instrumentos predominantemente cuantitativos e individualizados. Es necesario explorar metodologías cualitativas y enfoques socioculturales y sistémicos en la educación STEAM que permitan analizar los actos creativos desde una perspectiva holística.
Abstract (en)
STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) education strives towards the comprehensive
training of creative and innovative individuals, but few studies address this issue. This paper presents a systematic
review of the literature from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and ERIC, which found
45 units of analysis between 2010 and 2024 (August) that evaluate the creativity of students within the framework
of STEAM proposals. These units of analysis allow identifying that 1), starting in 2015, there is an increase in the number of studies that evaluate creativity in the context of STEAM education, mainly in Asia and America; 2) most
of the research (53.3%) conceives STEAM education as an interdisciplinary educational approach that, with the
incorporation of art, favors the development of creativity, which is understood as an activity involving the production
of something novel and original (46.6%) and as an unprecedented and effective way to solve problems (37.7%); 3) 55.5% of the research evaluates creativity from a psychological perspective, wherein quantitative studies prevail (55.5%) over qualitative ones (22.2%); and 4) the most used didactic strategies are project-based learning and inquirybased learning. The results suggest that STEAM is conceived as an interdisciplinary educational approach with great potential for developing creativity, which was assessed based on predominantly quantitative and individualized instruments. It is necessary to explore qualitative methodologies and sociocultural and systemic approaches in STEAM education that allow analyzing creative acts from a holistic perspective.
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