DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14483/23448350.19724Publicado:
2023-01-02Número:
Vol. 46 Núm. 1 (2023): Enero-Abril 2023Sección:
Ciencias Básicas y EducaciónDiagnóstico serológico de Fasciola hepatica en ovinos de Boavita (Colombia)
Serological Diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica in Sheeps from Boavita (Colombia)
Palabras clave:
ELISA, Fasciolosis, Enfermedades de las ovejas, Serología, Seroprevalencia (es).Palabras clave:
ELISA, fasciolosis, seroprevalence serology, sheep diseases (en).Descargas
Resumen (es)
La fasciolosis es una enfermedad de distribución mundial causada por el trematodo Fasciola hepática, que afecta bovinos, ovinos, caprinos y en ocasiones al ser humano, causando importantes pérdidas económicas y productivas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de F. hepatica en ovinos de Boavita, Boyacá, Colombia. Se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de corte (transversal) con muestreo aleatorio simple, en donde el tamaño muestral fue de 297 ovinos. Los sueros fueron procesados con el kit comercial ELISA BIO K 211-Monoscreen AbELISA F. hepatica, siguiendo las instrucciones del fabricante. El análisis de los resultados se realizó con el programa estadístico Epi Info™. Se determinó una seroprevalencia general de 67.34 % en donde los machos, los ovinos mayores de 3 años y las ovejas de raza criolla presentaron la seroprevalencia más alta, con 77.78, 83.33 y 64.79% respectivamente. Se estableció asociación estadística significativa entre la seropositividad a F. hepatica y los ovinos de 1 a 3 años y los individuos mayores 3 años. Este grupo etario se estableció como factor de riesgo para la presentación de fasciolosis, mientras que las ovejas entre 1 y 3 años se consideraron como factor de protección. Las variables de manejo como pastoreo extensivo y de estaca también presentaron significancia estadística, siendo este último un factor de protección para la parasitosis. Nuestros hallazgos evidencian la diseminación de la infección por F. hepatica en ejemplares ovinos y confirman la importancia de los métodos serológicos para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad.
Resumen (en)
Fasciolosis is a worldwide disease caused by the trematode Fasciola hepatica, which affects cattle, sheep, goats, and sometimes humans, causing significant economic and production losses. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of F. hepatica in sheep from Boavita, Boyacá, Colombia. An observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with simple random sampling, where the sample size was 297 sheep. The sera were processed with the commercial ELISA BIO K 211-Monoscreen AbELISA F. hepatica kit, following the manufacturer's instructions. The analysis of the results was carried out with the statistical program Epi Info®. A general seroprevalence of 67.34% was determined, where males, sheep older than 3 years, and Creole sheep presented the highest seroprevalence, with 77.78, 83.33, and 64.79%, respectively. A significant statistical association was established between seropositivity to F. hepatica and sheep aged 1 to 3 and individuals older than 3 years. This age group was established as a risk factor for the manifestation of fasciolosis, whereas sheep between 1 to 3 years old were considered as a protective factor. Management variables such as extensive and stake grazing also showed statistical significance, the latter being a protective factor for parasitosis. Our findings show the spread of F. hepatica infections in sheep and confirm the importance of serological methods for the diagnosis of the disease.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Diana-María Bulla-Castañeda, Melissa-Camila Ortiz-Pineda, Sharon-Elizabeth Cruz-Estupiñan, Henrry-Alexander Lopez-Buitrago, Deisy-Johana Lancheros-Buitrago, Julio-Cesar Giraldo-Forero, Diego-Jose Garcia-Corredor, Martin-Orlando Pulido-Medellin
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