DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14483/23448393.19573Published:
2023-10-17Issue:
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2023): September-DecemberSection:
Environmental EngineeringStudy on the Use of Coal Bottom Ash as a Raw Material Replacement for the Production of Clay Bricks
Estudio sobre el aprovechamiento de cenizas de fondo de carbón como reemplazante de materia prima para la elaboración de ladrillos de arcilla
Keywords:
Bottom ash, building materials, industrial waste, sustainability (en).Keywords:
cenizas, materiales de construcción, residuos industriales, sostenibilidad (es).Downloads
Abstract (en)
Context: Masonry bricks are one of the most widely used building materials in the world, which leads to the overexploitation of its raw materials. Its production consumes a large amount of energy and has a large environmental footprint. The clay brick industry can add residues to its raw materials; among those reported are tea processing waste, brick waste, paper industry residues, waste from coffee mills, and coal ashes.
Method: Bottom coal ashes were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, electronic microscopy, and particle size analysis. In addition, their density and loss on ignition were determined. The incorporation of ashes in the elaboration of clay bricks was evaluated, with sand replacement percentages of 0, 3, 5, and 7%. Finally, the physical and mechanical properties of the bricks were evaluated.
Results: The water absorption and apparent porosity increased, while the compressive strength and bulk density decreased with the incorporation of ash in the brick samples, except for those with a 3% replacement, which showed a better performance in the evaluated properties.
Conclusions: Coal bottom ashes have great potential in the manufacturing of clay bricks. The findings of this study indicate that, by incorporating up to 3% ashes, bricks can be obtained which comply with the Colombian regulations.
Abstract (es)
Contexto: El ladrillo de mampostería es uno de los materiales de construcción más utilizados en todo el mundo, lo que conlleva a una sobreexplotación de sus materias primas. Su producción consume gran cantidad de energía y tiene una gran huella ambiental. La industria de ladrillos de arcilla tiene la capacidad de adicionar residuos a su materia prima; entre los reportados se encuentran residuos del procesamiento del té, residuos de ladrillo, residuos de la industria del papel, residuos del beneficio de café y cenizas de carbón.
Método: Se caracterizaron cenizas de carbón de fondo por fluorescencia de rayos X, difracción de rayos X, análisis termogravimétrico, microscopía electrónica y análisis de tamaño de partícula. Además, se determinó su densidad y pérdida al fuego. Se evaluó la incorporación de cenizas en la elaboración de ladrillos de arcilla, con porcentajes de reemplazo de arena de 0, 3, 5 y 7 %. Finalmente, se evaluaron las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de los ladrillos.
Resultados: La absorción de agua y la porosidad aparente aumentaron, mientras que la resistencia a la compresión y la densidad aparente disminuyeron con la incorporación de cenizas en las muestras de ladrillos, a excepción de aquellas con un reemplazo del 3 %, las cuales presentaron un mejor desempeño en las propiedades evaluadas.
Conclusiones: Las cenizas de fondo de carbón tienen un gran potencial en la fabricación de ladrillos de arcilla. Los hallazgos de este estudio indican que, al incorporar hasta un 3% de cenizas, se pueden obtener ladrillos que cumplen la normatividad colombiana.
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Copyright (c) 2023 José Fernando Benítez-Vivas, Juan Pablo Gutiérrez-López, Janneth Torres-Agredo, Luisa Fernanda Mosquera-Idrobo, Miguel Fernando Díaz-Huertas
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